This is one of those fascinating stories from the Old Testament. We get a piece of the whole story in this passage. I’ll give you the bigger picture here, but I encourage you to read all of chapters 17 & 18 in your bible. Ahab was the Jewish king of the Northern Kingdom named Israel. (The southern kingdom was named Judah.) He was more interested in politics and business deals than he was governing his people in a godlike fashion. To promote relationships with neighboring countries, he married a Phoenecian princess named Jezebel. She was a devout worshipper of the Canaanite god Baal. Ahab didn’t care what she did, so that religion flourished under his rule. Many Jews were attracted to this pagan fertility cult. God called on the prophet Elijah to speak His word to Ahab and the people. In 17:1, we read that Elijah has the power to start and stop the rain. In the Baal cult, the god Baal’s primary responsibility was to do just that. Elijah and God create a three year drought. The story has a dramatic ending in chapter 18, starting with the 17th verse. Our story occurs some time before that. God tells Elijah to go to Zarephath, which is in the heart of Canaan country.
The Detail
Elijah goes to Zarephath, and meets the widow at the city gate. (vv. 8-10)
He gives her some orders. She explains her dire situation. (vv. 11-12)
He tells her not to worry, but to bake him something to eat, even though she has very little; the Lord will provide. Note that he says “Thus says the Lord God of Israel”. This indicates that he is a prophet. Now he has her attention! (vv. 13-14)
The widow obeyed. Just as the prophet stated, her provisions lasted throughout the drought. (vv. 15-16)
The Takeaway
On this Election Day, it is important for us to focus on the selection of our country’s leadership. We need leaders who look out for the needs of the people, rather than for commerce. It is equally important for us to put our trust in the Lord, and not be distracted by other “gods”.
Hebrews 9:24-28
The Background
As we’ve already studied, this book was written to explain who Jesus was, with regards to the Jewish faith. This was very important then, since most early Christians were ethnic Jews. Most of these concepts we’ve already been discussed. We will complete our study of the book of Hebrews next week. At that time, we’ll do a thorough review. Today, we’ll focus on a few key points.
The Detail
The author is referring to the actions of Jesus as our High Priest. A High Priest enters the Holy of Holies in the temple once a year for the atonement of our sins. This is an annual event. Here, the author states that the temple is a “mere copy” of the true temple, the one in heaven. (v. 24)
The difference between Jesus and the High Priests before him is that he doesn’t need to do this year after year; he does it once for all. (vv. 25-26)
Just as Jesus died only once, so we will also die once. Jesus will return to deal with sin for those who eagerly await his return. (vv. 27-28)
The Takeaway
The key verse here is in the middle of verse 26—Jesus died only once for all. His sacrifice covers all of our sins for all time.
Mark 12:38-44
The Background
In this story, we find Jesus in the temple in Jerusalem. First, he teaches us to beware of the way we walk our walk of faith. Then, he watches people drop their offerings into the till. Something surprising happens. Are these stories related? Let’s see.
The Detail
He teaches his followers to beware of acting like the scribes. This is radical, since the scribes are highly revered holy men. But he explains why. They look awesome, but their actions do not hold true to the teachings of the faith they profess. (vv. 38-40)
So, he sits down, and watches people give their alms to the temple, many rich. There was one poor widow, who gave practically nothing. (vv. 41-42)
Jesus calls a meeting. He states that the widow who gave a penny gave more that all the others, because it was all that she had. (vv. 43-44)
The Takeaway
Were these two stories separate, or related to one another? Does Jesus want to poor to give every last cent?
I suggest that the second story is directly related to the first. It is pointing the finger at the rich, rather than squeezing every last penny out of the poor. It is against showy, extravagant living, acting holy on the outside, but being inwardly selfish and ungodlike in the inside.
Let’s make sure that our actions, and our giving, represent what we profess with our lips.
This is the Sunday that many call All Saints Sunday. All Saints Day is always on November 1st, or last Monday this year. It is the day that we remember those believers who have gone before us, especially those saints who influenced our spiritual growth.
So, who are “saints”? In the early Christian (Roman Catholic) church, those who were martyred for their faith had always been venerated. Beginning in 993, the Pope canonized the first saint. For Roman Catholics, the “saints” are those models of faith who have been officially canonized by the church fathers. But St. Paul used this word about 950 years earlier to describe the followers of Jesus. He opens many of his letters with the words “to all the saints at…” (See the beginning verses of 1 & 2 Corinthians, Ephesians, Philippians, and Colossians.) So, long before the church used the term for designated individuals, Paul used it to describe all believers.
The word “saint” in many languages simply means “holy”. If we believe in Jesus, we are saints. We are all holy.
ISAIAH 25:6-9
THE BACKGROUND
It is believed that these words were written to the exiles who were returning to Judah from Babylonian captivity.
THE DETAIL
God is preparing a banquet on a mountaintop for his people. Only the best will do—good wine and rich food. It’s party time! (v. 6)
Better yet, He is going to eliminate death forever! The shroud and sheet are the funeral garments for the deceased. (v. 7)
God will eliminate sorrow and disgrace from His people. (v. 8)
The conclusion is that even though they waited a long time for their salvation, it was worth the wait. (v. 9)
THE TAKEAWAY
Have you ever hosted a party or banquet for a loved one? Or, have you ever been treated to a party held in your honor? A party or banquet is a great way to express our love for others. This is the image that God is presenting to us. He wants to rejoice in our being free from death. Let’s party!
REVELATION 21:1-6a
THE BACKGROUND
Some read the book of Revelation as a foreboding prophecy of the dreadful times to come. My understanding of this strange book is that it was a word of comfort and assurance from God to Christians suffering for their faith. The book is full of wild and strange imagery, but the point is clearly made— Evil has it’s day, but in the end, God destroys evil. Today’s bible passage comes from the conclusion of this story. In this reading, John has had a vision of the total destruction of evil. This is the happy ending.
THE DETAIL
John sees a completely new creation—a new heaven and earth. To Jewish Christians of the time, the sea represented (and contained) evil things. That is why there is no sea in God’s new creation. (v. 1)
Flowing down from God is the New Jerusalem. The early church was considered the “New Jerusalem”. This church-city is a bride, all dressed up for her “husband” Jesus. The image is not a new one. But let’s think about it. Back then, marriage was a little different than today. It was less about romance than duty and responsibility. Husbands were to love, protect, and provide for their wives. Wives were to love, serve, and obey their husbands. (See Ephesians 5:22-32 for a perfect example.) Jesus provided for our well-being when he died on the cross for us. We are now to serve him, and obey his commandments. (v. 2)
God then speaks from the throne. He declares that he will live among us. He will wipe away our tears, and death will be no more. Sounds like the passage from Isaiah, Maybe it is at this time that God will finally enact his vision. (v. 3)
He tells John to write this down, because His words are trustworthy and true. He says that he is the Alpha and Omega. These are the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. In English, we should say that God said that he is A to Z! The beginning and end. (v. 6a)
For those who thirst, spiritually, God provides the water of life. (v. 6b)
THE TAKEAWAY
The meaning of this passage is the same for me as it was for those first-century Christians. Crazy politicians may appear to be taking us and our nation to the brink of destruction. But God is real, and God has a plan. In the end, He will set things straight, and make things new and good again. Best of all, there will be no more tears. No more sorrow. No more death. A happy ending is headed our way!
JOHN 11:1-44
THE BACKGROUND
The lectionary has chosen only the last part of this long story, the resurrection of Lazarus, verses 32-44. The whole story is too long to read in church on Sunday. But we’ll look at the whole story, to gain a better understanding of everything that goes on here.
Prior to this story, Jesus and his disciples have travelled to the other side of the Jordan River, where John the Baptist had done much of his work. They were way out in the boondocks.
THE DETAIL
Jesus is good friends with Lazarus and his sisters. Lazarus is ill, and the sisters send word of this to Jesus. (vv. 1-3)
Jesus does not go there right away. Instead, he stays two days longer! Verse 4b hints at the reason. (vv. 4-6)
After intentionally dragging his feet, he tells the disciples they’re going to Bethany. They are surprised that he would want to go to a place where they want to kill him. But Jesus is resolute—he is on a mission. (vv. 7-10)
Next, Jesus uses a euphemism to describe Lazarus’ condition. The disciples misunderstand. Jesus makes it clear that he knows that Lazarus is dead. Another hint to his motives appears in verse 15. Our Thomas is his typical self, making strange comments. (vv 11-16)
Jesus arrives four days after Lazarus’ death. Martha comes to greet him. Was there frustration or anger in her voice in verse 21? (vv. 17-21)
They discuss the resurrection of the body. Jesus makes a key statement in verse 25. Martha puts her faith and trust in him. (vv. 22-27)
Martha runs home to fetch Mary, while Jesus and his retinue are still on their way there. In verse 32, Mary tells Jesus the same thing that Martha said earlier. Again—was there frustration or anger? (vv. 28-32)
Jesus is moved by the intense emotion of the situation. Mary weeps. Jesus weeps. Onlookers are astonished, and offer criticism. (vv. 33-37)
Jesus orders the stone of the tomb rolled away, in spite of the fact that Lazarus died four days ago. (vv. 38-39)
Jesus tells Martha to expect the glory of God. Jesus prays aloud for all to hear. His purpose is clear in verse 42b. (vv. 40-42)
Jesus speaks, and Lazarus staggers from the tomb. Jesus orders the onlookers to care for him. (vv. 43-44)
THE TAKEAWAY
I have some questions that I’ve been pondering about this text. I’ll share them with you, and share my answers, too. Normally, my writing is built upon the writings of good Lutheran theologians. In this case, I’m using my own logic, so take that for what it’s worth.
Why did Jesus dilly-dally, and not rush to Lazarus’ bedside? I believe that Lazarus’ resurrection was part of God’s plan to demonstrate Jesus’ divine power. Even Martha thought that reviving Lazarus after four days was unthinkable.
Were Martha and Mary angry with Jesus? Maybe. They were at least frustrated and confused. They clearly sent word in time for Jesus to come and heal Lazarus. But Jesus took his time. Wouldn’t you be angry?
Why did Jesus cry at the tomb? Was it in sympathy for Mary and Martha? Did he miss Lazarus? But he knew what he was going to do—bring him back to life. Maybe he was sad for Lazarus. Jesus would have known that Lazarus was in a much better place. Jesus was about to yank him back to Bethany, and out of Paradise. Jesus loved Lazarus. Maybe he was sad for what he was going to put Lazarus through.
Then, why did Jesus do this? Jesus is about to enter Jerusalem, and never return. It is time for him to make it crystal clear to all that he is the Son of God. Look at these verses:
Verse 4b: “…rather, it is for God’s glory, so that the Son of God may be glorified through it.”
Verse 15: “For your sake I am glad I was not there, so that you may believe.”
Verse 26a: “and everyone who lives and believes in me will never die.”
Verse 42b: “… I have said this for the sake of the crowd standing here, so that they may believe that you sent me.”
Jesus is the resurrection and the life. By believing in him, we too are saints. We are holy. We have eternal life. Thanks be to God!
The prophets Jeremiah and Ezekiel lived about the same timeframe. Ezekiel was deported to Babylon along with many other Judeans. Jeremiah remained in Jerusalem, tending to the spiritual needs of those remaining. If they were alive today, Jeremiah and Ezekiel would be communicating by email, and having Zoom meetings on a regular basis. Back then, however, communication was quite a bit slower. But remarkably, their message to the people of God was very similar, as we will see. After all, they were both God’s spokesmen; the source of the message was the same. Today’s passage from Jeremiah comes from his “Book of Consolation”, which comprise chapters 30-33. It is a message of hope and renewal.
THE DETAIL
Jeremiah assures the people in exile, both from Israel and Judah, that better days are coming. God will make a new covenant with his people. It won’t be like the old covenant. They broke that one many, many times. Time for something new. (vv. 31-32)
This new covenant won’t just be written down in a temple somewhere, it will be written on the hearts of the people. There will be an intimate relationship between God and his people. (v. 33)
We won’t have to learn things about God anymore, because all of us will know it all! (vv. 34-35a)
Best of all, God will not only forgive our sins, but He will forget all about them. (v. 35b)
THE TAKEAWAY
The word “covenant” and “testament” mean the same thing. It is easy to conclude that God’s “New Covenant (Testament)” is realized in the life, death, and resurrection of his son Jesus. Is this what it meant to Jeremiah’s listeners, or did it mean something else to them? The short answers are no and yes. Can it be both? Maybe!
NO
The people of Jeremiah’s time had troubles of their own. Jerusalem and it’s society was ripped apart by foreign pagans. It was a time of desperation and hopelessness. God had not yet put forth the idea of a Messiah. Instead, Jeremiah’s message from God was that God wanted to have a close-knit relationship with them. God was not interested in their worship, at least when it was not sincere. Ezekiel 36:24-28 gives the people under Ezekiel’s care the same message. What God wants is an intimate, loving relationship. The message is the same in that passage and this one—Israel and Judah will be restored one day. When they are, God’s law will be written on everyone’s hearts. Sins will be forgiven and forgotten.
YES
Centuries later, God sent His only son to walk the earth with us. Jesus taught us his Father’s will, when he spoke his Sermon on the Mount, and when he taught us parables about the kingdom of God. Then, he died for our sins. So, the life of God’s son was the final chapter in Jeremiah’s prophecy. Jeremiah most certainly did not know that part of the story. But he most certainly knew the hope and promise that God gave his people in captivity. People of faith still find hope and comfort in these words, even to this day.
FOOD FOR THOUGHT
It is one thing to forgive someone for what they have done. It is quite another to forever forget about it. God promises to both forgive our sins and forget them! We receive this free gift because of Jesus’ sacrifice on the cross. Now, we must not only forgive those who wrong us, but forget about it as well. Can you and I do this? Is God’s will written on our hearts, or have “human thoughts” taken over?
ROMANS 3:19-28
I am going to change the order on this reading from Romans. There is a lot of nitty-gritty detail in this passage. If you don’t want to wade into the “deep water”, you can just go to The Takeaway. I’ll put the detailed explanation after the takeaway, for those who want to take a deeper dive.
THE BACKGROUND
I like to read the first three chapters of Paul’s letter to the Romans as one big unit. You could skip the greeting, and begin with 1:16. Keep in mind that the church in Rome was made up of both Jewish and Gentile Christians. One thing I like to do is substitute two words for words in the text. When Paul says “Jews”, I substitute my church denomination. When he says “Greeks”, I substitute another denomination. This makes it more real; and it is closer to what Paul was trying to say.
Anyway, in the first three chapters of Romans, Paul presents a panoramic view of the sinfulness of mankind. He starts with pagan idol worship, but slowly turns the gun around, aiming squarely at the Jews and Greeks. There’s no escaping it—we are all a sorry, sinful lot.
THE TAKEAWAY
Verses 23 and 24 are at the heart of this passage. Paul makes his two main points:
Everyone has sinned, and do not measure up to God’s expectations.
For those who have faith in Jesus, our sins are forgiven*.
This gift of forgiveness is free to those who have faith in Jesus. Later in Paul’s letter, he uses the phrase “free gift” often. (5:15, 5:16, 5:17, 6:23) All you need to “do” to claim your free gift is to believe in Jesus!
* The word “justification” in this context is a legal term. When someone was accused of a crime, and was in court, they could explain why they did what they did. If the judge believed that their actions were acceptable, he would claim that the defendant was “justified”, and the charges would be dropped.
THE DETAIL
When Paul talks about “the law”, he referring to Jewish law. You know, like the 10 commandments, and all the detailed laws in Deuteronomy and Leviticus. Paul states here (and elsewhere) that the law is there to make us accountable—accountable to the point that we shut our mouths in guilt. (vv. 19-20)
Paul now sets the law aside, and talks about what God has done for us (God’s righteousness). In fact, all the prophets were like weathervanes, pointing to this righteous act. (v. 21)
The righteous act that we are talking about is the gift of God’s own son, for all who believe. (v. 22)
Paul reminds us what he has just told us in the previous chapters—we have all sinned. Everyone. (v. 23)
The Good News is that by God’s grace, our actions have been “justified”/forgiven. It is God’s action that does this. It is a gift. (v. 24)
During Paul’s time, and earlier, the high priest would make a blood sacrifice for the peoples’ sins. God himself made a blood sacrifice of his son’s blood for our sin. We, too, receive this atonement through faith. (v. 25)
God did this to show that He is a righteous God. He loves us so much that He did this for us. (v. 26)
So, what have you got to brag about? Can you brag that you are a Jew, or a Greek, or a Baptist or a Lutheran? Can we brag about being good or doing good deeds? Paul emphatically says “NO!” God has all the bragging rights. (v. 27)
Salvation comes not from keeping God’s rules, but by living our lives in faith. It is a free gift from our Father in heaven. (v. 28)
JOHN 8:31-36
THE BACKGROUND
Today’s reading comes from the gospel of John. At this point in the story, Jesus had been gathering disciples, and teaching those around him. Teaching and clarifying God’s will for the people was one of Jesus’ main missions. For the most part, Jesus taught to the Jews. Jesus and the twelve apostles were Jews. He did, of course, occasionally reach out to the Gentiles, but most of his ministry was to his fellow Jews. In the gospels, “the Jews” often refers to those who resisted or challenged him. In today’s reading, however, it refers to some followers of Jesus.
THE DETAIL
Jesus makes a statement to start a discussion. He is teaching “the Jews who had believed in him”. This could have been the twelve apostles or others. John does not specify. It doesn’t matter, so he leaves that out. John was like that. (See John 21:25.) Jesus tells them that if they “continue in his word, they will be free”. (vv. 31-32)
The disciples immediately think that Jesus is talking about slavery (which he is, sort of). Slavery was commonplace at that time; about 40% of the population were slaves. The disciples state that they have never been slaves, since they are the descendants of Abraham. I guess they forgot about Egypt and that the Romans had conquered them. (v. 33)
Next, Jesus drives his point home. We are all slaves—to sin. But the good news is that if we “continue in his word” (from verse 32), we are set free from the slavery of sin. (vv. 34-36)
THE TAKEAWAY
For those of us who love and follow Jesus, we are freed of the sin that enslaves us. We are truly free to be Children of God!
On September 15th, we studied the third of Isaiah’s “Servant Songs”, as they are called. To refresh your memory, I have copied the background paragraphs from that study below.
The year is ca. 550 BC. The People of God are in exile in Babylon. Isaiah writes to encourage God’s people to be strong in the face of trials. A “Servant of Yahweh” appears in Isaiah’s writings. Four “songs” are written.
Song
Isaiah
Theme
1
42:1-6
He will bring justice to the nations
2
49:1-6
I make you a light to the nations
3
50:4-9
My back to those who beat me
4
52:13-53:12
Bruised for our iniquities
This servant is never identified by Isaiah. Biblical scholars have debated hotly as to who this might be. Several answers are possible. But let’s look at the bible passage for today, and leave the “who” for later.
This week, we look at the fourth of these songs.
THE DETAIL
Rather than follow our usual format, I am going to focus on some key phrases. This song was written about this unnamed “suffering servant”. I will refer to him as “the servant” here. At the end, we will discuss who this might be.
Phrases like “borne our infirmities”, “carried our diseases”, “wounded for our transgressions” indicate that the servant has shouldered the burdens of many. The servant takes them willingly, and silently. Verse 10 states that his life will be an offering for sin.
His death is a “perversion of justice”. He stands silently before his accuser.
In the end, he gets his reward. He “divides the spoil with the strong”, and the Lord will allot him a portion with the great.
He bore the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.
THE TAKEAWAY
It did not take long for Jesus’ disciples to recognize how much this sounded like Jesus. It helped them to see God’s master plan, which was carried out by the life, death and resurrection of Jesus.
So now, we must ask ourselves “Was Isaiah writing about Jesus or not?”
At this point, we need to get into a “which came first, the chicken or the egg” discussion.
First, the chicken. Some say that Isaiah was a prophet, and he was writing this prophecy about the coming Messiah. He was prophesizing about Jesus. It certainly sounds like Jesus. End of story. But not so fast. Isaiah wrote these words about 550 years before Jesus was born. Isaiah certainly knew nothing about Jesus. So, did he write down something he did not understand? Just as importantly, what would compel the people of God to preserve these words for over 500 years, if they did not make sense to them? Imagine if Billy Graham had a vision from God, and he wrote it into a book. He tells us that it doesn’t make sense now, but we should keep reading it. In 500 years it will make sense to those people, but not to you. Do you think that we would carefully preserve that writing for 500 years? I don’t think so.
Now, the egg. God talks to people in need. In Isaiah’s time, the people were in exile in Babylon. People suffered. God gave them inspiration through Isaiah. Later on, more than once, the people of God suffered for their faith. Isaiah’s words would be a source of strength to those suffering for their faith. Jesus most certainly was familiar with these writings of Isaiah. Through Isaiah, God revealed the redemptive quality of silent suffering servitude. This was a new concept for his chosen people. God the Father gave these words to Isaiah because He believes them to be the way we should all behave in the face of adversity, especially when our faith is challenged. It only makes sense that Jesus would behave in this most godly way. Were these words written about Jesus? Yes. But they are also written for our instruction. If we all behaved like this, the world would be a much different place, wouldn’t it?
FOOD FOR THOUGHT
Since we are children of God, we are called to act like Jesus in the world we live in. Are we prepared to be a Suffering Servant, too?
HEBREWS 5:1-10
THE BACKGROUND
The book of Hebrews was written to Jewish Christians. It explains the meaning of Jesus’ life within a Jewish context. Understanding two things will help us to understand this passage better.
A high priest intercedes for the people to God for the atonement of their sins. He does this once a year on Yom Kippur. There is only one high priest, and atonement is only given once per year. Also, there were at least two requirements to become a Jewish priest. First, one must be borne of the house of Levi. Second, one must belong to the priestly guild. Not all Levites were priests, but all priests were Levites.
And there is mention of a Melchizedek. Who is this person? Genesis 14:17-20 holds the answer. Abram went to the holy city of Salem (not the one near Raleigh, NC). The king of Salem was also a high priest in that holy city. His name was Melchizedek. He blessed Abram. Abram then gave him a tenth of his possessions as benevolence for the blessing. So, long before Moses and Aaron, Abram paid homage to God before a high priest named Melchizedek.
THE DETAIL
The first part of today’s passage provides us a good description of the duties of a high priest. (vv. 1-4)
Jesus has already been called our high priest in Hebrews four times, by the time we get to today’s reading. We are told that God appointed him our high priest, when He said “Your are my Son, today I have begotten you”. This sounds like what God said at Jesus’ baptism and at his transfiguration (sort of).But this is also a direct quote from Psalm 2:7. Next, the writer of Hebrews quotes God as saying “You are a priest forever, according to the order of Melchizedek.” This is a quote from Psalms 110:4.
Being our high priest, he offered prayers to his Father for us. The most detailed account of this is found in John 17, which we call Jesus’ High Priestly Prayer. (v. 7)
Jesus obeyed the Father, and suffered for our sake. (v. 8)
We are to obey the Son, receiving eternal life in doing so. (v. 9)
Jesus has the authority to do all this, because his is our high priest according to the order of Melchizedek. (v. 10)
THE TAKEAWAY
Jesus was from the house of Benjamin, like King David. He was not a Levite. Because he was not a Levite, he could not belong to the priestly guild. I imagine that when the writer of Hebrews called Jesus our high priest, many were saying “Now hold on there! How is this possible? He doesn’t meet the two basic requirements!” Verses 4-10 are the answer to this question:
God claimed Jesus as his own at his baptism and transfiguration.
God called Jesus our high priest forever, by the order of Melchizedek.
Since God called Jesus to the priesthood by the order of Melchizedek, He cancelled out the other requirements.
Jesus’ obedience to the will of his Father perfected him, so that he could serve to be our Lord. He demonstrated this obedience and perfection in living as a model of the godly life. (This model is spelled out in today’s reading from Isaiah.) Jesus did an awesome job of living his life to this model. As children of God, we are called to do likewise.
MARK 10:35-45
THE BACKGROUND
All through Mark’s gospel, the disciples don’t seem to get it. At times, they actually act a little stupid. Today’s lesson is a classic example of this. It is also a classic example of Jesus love and patience with these two obnoxious disciples.
THE DETAIL
James and John are brothers. They must have been trouble, because Jesus called them “the sons of thunder”. They approach Jesus and ask a bold question. (v. 35)
Jesus says “Yeah, what do you want?” [In my version] In this version, he also is thinking “This ought to be good.” (v. 36)
They have the audacity to ask Jesus for the two highest power positions, when Jesus is “in his glory”. By “glory”, they’re talking about when Jesus is the Messiah-king, after they boot the Romans out of Israel. Sitting to the left and right of the king would be the two top positions in the king’s court. They really were clueless, weren’t they? (v. 37)
Jesus’ response is amazing. He is loving and patient, but corrects their thinking. Keep in mind that he has told them three times that he would suffer and die. Actually, the third time occurs immediately before this passage! Will they “drink the cup” that he will drink? Yes, they will indeed. But who sits where is not up to Jesus, but the Father. (vv. 38-40)
The other ten apostles got upset when they heard about this request. Wouldn’t you be upset? But Jesus gathers them all together, and gives them (and us) a God-lesson. He tells them to forget about “who’s on top”, and start fighting to be on the bottom—to be a servant-slave to all. (vv. 41-45)
THE TAKEAWAY
Being a servant-slave to all is at the heart of what it means to think and act like a child of God. To love, teach, feed, heal, and give of oneself-- this is what Jesus did. This is what God wants us all to do.
FOOD FOR THOUGHT
James and John clearly did not “get it”. They were thinking in earthly terms, not divine. Are we so different? We want to grab the free gifts of forgiveness and eternal life, but balk at being a slave to all and loving our enemies. Are the details of living a Christian life like a buffet line, or is it a package deal? Can we “pick the cherries”, and skip the tough stuff? Or, does the cost of discipleship require us to take the whole package?
One of the commentaries that I read summarizes the background better than I can. It reads like this:
” Amos preached in the Northern Kingdom (Israel) about 750 BC. Israel, also called “house of Joseph,” was enjoying a period of great prosperity, which diverted their attention from the growing menace of Assyrian power. Amos believed that unless Israel ceased her unrighteous, immoral ways, God would abandon them to Assyria. The people, however, relied on their special relationship with God and viewed their prosperity as a sign of God’s blessings. ‘Gate’ means the entrance to a city or village, where elders met to hold court and dispense justice.”
THE DETAIL
Verses 6 and 14 are at the heart of Amos’ plea to the people. “Seek the Lord and live.” The admonition in verse 6 is that if they don’t change their ways,
The Lord will destroy the northern kingdom of Israel.
Bethel was their main temple of worship; this will be devoured by fire.
Nobody will be able to stop this process, once it is under way.
Wormwood creates a bitter oil. Justice in the land has a bitter taste—their “justice” is not justice at all. Righteous actions don’t stand a chance. (v. 7)
The “they” in verse 10 are those who are acting unjustly. They hate it when the elders dispense real justice at the gate; they hate hearing the truth.
Verse 11a gives a glimpse at two of the injustices that the rich and powerful have done to the poor.
Next come the consequences of their bad behavior. (vv. 11b-12)
Verse 13 is a little confusing. Let’s paraphrase it this way—“If you are a smart and just person, this is a good time to keep your mouth shut!”
The remainder is a final plea from Amos for the people to love good actions and hate evil ones. He suggests that for those who heed his warning, will be a spared, and be a “remnant of Joseph (Israel)”. (vv. 14-15)
THE TAKEAWAY
This was written nearly 3,000 years ago. Yet, it could be applied to our time and our country. We cut the taxes for the rich, and attempt to eliminate programs that feed and heal the poor. Things haven’t changed much, have they? Shall we expect God to get angry again, devour, and break out like fire? What shall we do? Shall we keep our mouths shut, for it is an evil time? Or shall we speak up against greed and injustice. Perhaps if we do so, we will become God’s “remnant” in this time and place.
HEBREWS 4:12-16
THE BACKGROUND
This book was written to Jewish Christians, to explain the life of Jesus within the context of the Jewish faith. Today, Jesus is called “our high priest”. It is helpful to know what this is. There was only one high priest at a time. Once a year, he would offer a sacrifice to God for the sins of the people.
It is also good to know that one of a king’s duties was to sit on his throne and hear court cases. Kings acted sort of like a one-man supreme court.
THE DETAIL
But first, we are reminded that God’s word is as sharp as a two-edged sword. There’s no escaping it; somebody’s gonna get cut! This sword divides soul from spirit. Talk about a fire and brimstone sermon—this one is intense! Not only is there no place to hide, we are naked; totally exposed, sin and all. (vv. 12-13)
But here’s the good news—we have Jesus, our great high priest. Since he’s already ascended to the Father, he’s better than your average high priest. Because of this, let’s “hold fast to our confession [of our sins]”. (v. 14)
This is the part I like. We are reminded that Jesus lived among us, and knew temptation. He understands. He can sympathize with our temptation and weakness, even though he himself was sinless. (v. 15)
Now that Jesus is seated on a throne at his Father’s right hand, he will judge us. But we may approach boldly because of what we just heard in the previous verses. We will receive mercy and grace, because of what Jesus first did for us, dying on the cross for our sins. (v. 16)
THE TAKEAWAY
It is good to remind ourselves that Judgement Day will come, and we will all need to give an accounting of our lives. But we can take comfort in God’s loving grace, who gave His only son as a sacrifice for our sins.
MARK 10:17-31
THE BACKGROUND
In Jesus’ day, if someone was prosperous, it was an indication that they were blessed by God. Prosperity allowed the rich person more leisure time, so they could devote more time to spiritual studies and charitable giving. (At least in theory.) This fact will become important later on in today’s passage.
THE DETAIL
Jesus is on the road again. As he walks along, a man runs up and kneels before him. It sounds like he is not only eager to talk to Jesus, but has great respect for him as well. He calls Jesus “Good Teacher”, and asks what he needs to do go have eternal life. (v. 17)
Jesus starts by challenging the “Good Teacher” label. He says that only God is good. Now, we know that Jesus was/is God, but right now in the story that’s a secret. The common thought of the day was that God was the only perfectly good being; everybody else fell short. (v. 18)
Then, Jesus listed some of the Ten Commandments. “You know these, right?”, Jesus seems to say. (v. 19)
The man says “Yeah, yeah, I’ve kept all of those since I was a kid. (v. 20)
Then, Jesus lowers the boom. “One more thing—sell everything, give the money to the poor, and follow me.” (v. 21)
You know the rest. The man was rich. This was too much for him to take. He left shocked and broken-hearted. (v. 22)
Jesus then turns to the disciples, and drives the point home. It’s really hard for a wealthy person to enter the kingdom of God. He gives the example of a camel and the eye of a needle*, to make his point. (vv. 23-26)
The disciples are astounded at this teaching. They are of the thinking that this rich man was blessed by God, which was why he was rich in the first place. If this rich man can’t make it, what chance do they stand? (v. 26)
Here is the glimmer of hope—the Good News. Jesus says for “mortals” (us humans) it is impossible, but not for God. In other words, our salvation must come from God, not from our own actions. (v. 27)
THE TAKEAWAY
Remember that the rich man asked “What must I do to inherit eternal life?” Jesus’ answer was true. There is nothing that one can do to earn their way to heaven. Jesus’ second point in this discussion is that he recognized the man’s wealth. Jesus must have known that the man’s wealth had become more important to him than his faith. This, I believe, is why he challenged him to sell everything, and follow him. He was telling the man to reorder his priorities.
FOOD FOR THOUGHT
It is all too easy for our possessions to overtake our faith life. If the chips were down, and we had to give it all up to follow Jesus, would we? If our answer is yes, maybe it’s a good time to reevaluate our giving, our service, and our commitment to the Lord? It’s a matter of priority. Whatever our answer, we must still put our trust in God’s grace and our sins at the foot of the cross of Jesus. We can find comfort in Hebrews 4:15-16.
* The Eye of a Needle
There are two separate understandings of what Jesus meant by this phrase.
Some bible scholars point to the fact that the city gate had two gates or doors. One was large, so that wagons, camels, and mounted horsemen could travel through them. That was the main gate. There was also a smaller gate for pedestrians. It was easier to open for foot traffic. This was called the “eye of the needle”. It was, some scholars say, what Jesus was referring to in this story. It is difficult for a camel to fit through such a small doorway.
Other theologians believe that Jesus was referring to an actual sewing needle. It is much more difficult for a camel to pass through a sewing needle. It is impossible. (v. 27) They believe that Jesus was using hyperbole (an exaggerated statement) to show how difficult it would be.
Jesus’ intent does not change, no matter which of these you choose. But it’s a much stronger statement with the second. I believe Jesus was exaggerating to make his point.
This Sunday, we celebrate and study the angels. More specifically, we observe the role that Michael has played and will play in God’s realm.
DANIEL 10:10-14;12:1-3
THE BACKGROUND
This is a book of hero stories written about a man of God named Daniel. The setting is in Babylon, during exile. Modern biblical scholars believe that the book was written around 160 BCE to be an inspiration to God’s people. The people of Juda were being forced to abandon their faith and worship Greek Gods. There are horrible and gory stories in the book of Maccabees, which tell of the torture that God’s people endured. The book of Daniel was written to inspire them to hold fast to their faith.
In the first verses of chapter 10, Daniel had been mourning for three weeks. He has a vision. He sees a man that isn’t a man, but the archangel Gabriel. He falls to the ground, trembling, and in a trance.
THE DETAIL
Gabriel bids him to get up. He has a message for him. Daniel needs to stand up and listen. (vv. 10-11)
Gabriel explains that he heard his mourning three weeks ago, but he was preoccupied on “God-business”. The important thing here is that Gabriel did hear Daniel’s mourning, but had other stuff to attend to. (v. 12)
Next, he explains what detained him. He had business (“trouble”) with the prince of Persia. Michael is called a “chief prince”. The Hebrew word sarim is the title for Michael. It means either archangel or prince. Sarim Michael is the patron angel for Judah. Gabriel gives him an assignment, so Gabriel could attend to Daniel’s mourning plea. (v. 13)
He also explains that he has come to show him the future through visions,[so that his faith may be strengthened]. (v. 14)
Chapter 11, not in today’s reading, contains the vision that Gabriel provides Daniel. Its detailed description perfectly match the conflicts that occur in Palestine during the period following Alexander the Great, up to the time of the Maccabean revolt. Because this description matches history so perfectly, it is believed that the author of the book of Daniel lived during that era.
Chapter 12 is the happy ending for God’s people. After the great conflict, Archangel Michael will come to deliver the living raise the dead. Those who are wise and are faithful (have their names written in the book) will shine like stars! (vv. 1-3)
THE TAKEAWAY
Through these passages we become familiar with the role of archangels Gabriel and Michael. We see that they are God’s messengers and helpers. One verse, not in today’s reading, sums it up very well, when Gabriel tells Daniel “Do not fear, greatly beloved, you are safe. Be strong and courageous!” We should do the same.
REVELATION 12:1-12
THE BACKGROUND
The book of Revelation is a challenging book to read. It mainly consists of the apocalyptic literary form. It is loaded with imagery and symbolism. Other books of the bible contain chapters of apocalyptic writing, but none so much as Revelation. Some use this book like it was God’s great Ouija board for predicting the future. This approach has made millions for authors and some TV evangelists. Other theologians view the book in its literary and historical setting. They believe it was a familiar literary form, back in the day. Much of the symbolism that meant so much to the early readers has been lost in antiquity. Furthermore, rather than a book to strike fear into the readers’ hearts, the book was intended to provide comfort and strength to those faith is being challenged. The book is a series of visions that John had. These visions are cyclical—they repeat themselves, to a certain extent. We join John about halfway through his vision-book. Keep in mind that our focus here is on the role of the archangel Michael.
In the first part of chapter 12, a woman (representing Mother Israel) gives birth to a son. The devil, in the form of a dragon, is poised to destroy the baby as soon as it is born. The baby is whisked away to God on His throne, and the woman goes into hiding.
THE DETAIL
A war breaks out in heaven, where archangel Michael and his warriors battle the dragon-devil and his army. (v. 7)
The dragon-devil and his ilk are defeated. They are expelled from heaven, and find their way to earth. They will wreak their havoc there. (vv. 8-9)
Here is the good news. We on earth have the power of God, as manifested in the Messiah. The devil cannot harm us. We are safe! (vv. 10-12)
THE TAKEAWAY
The reason to read this passage this week is to see Archangel Michael’s role in defeating evil and being the champion of God’s people. We are also reassured of salvation through the blood of the Lamb.
LUKE 10:17-20
THE BACKGROUND
This passage is the concluding portion of the story about the sending of the seventy. About halfway through Jesus’ ministry, he commissions seventy disciples (including the 12 apostles) to spread out into the surrounding countryside. Their job is to prepare the way for Jesus’ healing and teaching. He instructs them to travel light, and gives them other advice for their task. Our passage begins with the return of the 70 from their mission.
THE DETAIL
The disciples return reporting great success! (v. 17)
Jesus gives them a sort of heavenly attaboy. (vv. 18-19)
Next, Jesus, tells them not to “get the big head” over what they’ve done. Instead, they should be excited that their names are written in a book in heaven. (v. 20)
THE TAKEAWAY
In the other passages read today, Michael and the other angels are given the power and authority to do the work of the Lord. In today’s reading, Jesus’ disciples (including you and me) receive this power and authority.
FOOD FOR THOUGHT
My name appears on lists that are in several books or records. I cannot think of another book which is more important to be on than this one in heaven, can you?
Posted on September 26, 2024 4:18 PM
by
Don Silsbe
The year is ca. 550 BC. The People of God are in exile in Babylon. Isaiah writes to encourage God’s people to be strong in the face of trials. A “Servant of Yahweh” appears in Isaiah’s writings. Four “songs” are written.
Song
Isaiah
Theme
1
42:1-6
He will bring justice to the nations
2
49:1-6
I make you a light to the nations
3
50:4-9
My back to those who beat me
4
52:13-53:12
Bruised for our iniquities
This servant is never identified by Isaiah. Biblical scholars have debated hotly as to who this might be. Several answers are possible. But let’s look at the bible passage for today, and leave the “who” for later. Today’s passage is the third song. To understand the whole package, it is good if you’d read all four songs.
THE DETAIL
God gave this unnamed Servant the gift of inspired teaching. Each morning, God speaks to him, and he obeys God’s call. (vv. 4-5)
The Servant suffers for heeding God’s call. The Servant’s faith and commitment is strong. He remains resolute. (v. 6)
The Servant finds strength in his faith. The phrase “set my face like flint” reminds me of Indian arrowheads. Have you ever held one? They are hard, and they are sharp. This is the hardness of the Servant’s strength! “You wanna fight? BRING IT ON! God is on my side!” (vv. 7-9)
THE TAKEAWAY
Two basic interpretations are possible for this reading. Both are valid. Choose which you prefer.
1. This is an Old Testament prophesy about Jesus the Messiah, prophesied by Isaiah over 600 years before Jesus’ birth. All these Servant Songs certainly sound like they’re talking about Jesus. Jesus demonstrated this strength in his faith-walk while here on earth. We should do likewise.
2. God recognized the desperation of the people in exile, and sent them a word of encouragement. This Servant could be anyone or everyone. Jeremiah suffered in this way. It is likely that many others in exile also suffered for their faith. 200 years before the birth of Jesus, the Jews were under intense pressure to conform to Greek customs and religious practices. The atrocities are written down in the book of Maccabees. These words would also be a comfort and source of strength to them.
FOOD FOR THOUGHT
Jesus personified these words when he walked this earth. He is our role model. Many, many others since Jesus have suffered for their faith. Let us all set our face like flint, and know that it is the Lord God Yahweh who helps us when our faith is challenged.
JAMES 3:1-12
THE BACKGROUND
The book of James appears to be more of a collection of Christian wisdom than a letter from an individual. Chapter Three focuses on one particular subject—the danger of loose lips and false teaching. If you look at verse one and verses eight and nine, the problem is clearly stated.
THE DETAIL
Teachers of the Word are held to a higher standard than others. (Now, I’m getting nervous!) Teaching is one of the spiritual gifts listed by Paul several times in his writings. Teachers were, and still are, a crucial part of God’s church on earth. (v. 1)
James admits that nobody’s perfect. Everybody’s going to make mistakes. Later, he goes beyond this statement, however. (v. 2)
James gives us several analogies which demonstrate how something small cam control something much larger. (vv. 3-7)
In verse 8, James lets the cat out of the bag—he’s talking about our tongues. What damage we can do with that little thing! (v. 8)
In verses 9 & 10, we get a hint of what he’s talking about. It is believed that some of the religious leaders (teachers), were acting less Christ-like and more human-like, cursing people more than loving them.
James gives some contrasting images, to make us consider our actions. His point is that if you are “in Christ”, you give up these evil ways, and walk in the way of Jesus; the way of love. There is no room for these old behaviors. (vv. 10-12)
THE TAKEAWAY
I can tell you from personal experience that an unbridled tongue is a dangerous thing. We have all said things that we regret. Once said, they are impossible to fully retract. It is critical for us to remember our “place”. We are Christians. We represent all our brothers and sisters. We do this in what we do and in what we say.
MARK 8:27-38
THE BACKGROUND
Today’s gospel is about Peter recognizing Jesus as the Messiah, and about what it means to follow Jesus. This is a familiar story, because it appears in three gospels. If you like, check out Matthew 16 and Luke 9. Compare the three, to see what each writer includes and omits.
THE DETAIL
Jesus and his disciples have been travelling. They are now hitting the villages of Caesarea Philippi, to the north of the Sea of Galilee. Along the way, he asks a simple question—“Who do people say that I am?” (v. 27)
Their answer might seem strange to us. Keep in mind that they did not have CNN or Fox News. Everything was word of mouth. No newspapers, headline news, or editorial pages. You had to figure things out for yourself. Herod himself wondered if Jesus might be a reincarnated John the Baptist. (Mark 6:14-16) You may recall from the Old Testament that Elijah did not die, but was taken up to heaven in a chariot of fire. People expected him to return as a precursor to the coming of the Messiah. So, the disciples’ answers were not surprising to Jesus. (v. 28)
Then comes the clincher—“Who do YOU say that I am?” Only Peter has the nerve to answer. “You are the Messiah.” (“The son of God” is omitted by Mark, as is the renaming of Simon to be Peter, the rock.) (v. 29)
He says “Don’t tell anybody!” This is difficult, but necessary. He has a lot of teaching ahead of him. If everyone starts calling him the Messiah, they’re going to expect stuff he’s not ready to deliver. (v. 30)
Since Peter has declared Jesus to be the Messiah, Jesus teaches them what the Messiah’s mission truly is. The world expects the Messiah to be a warrior king who delivers them from the clutches of the Roman occupation. Jesus is not interested in politics, but in our souls. (v. 31)
Peter, bless his heart, doesn’t get it. He’s thinking like a human; he’s thinking politics. He tells Jesus “Hey, man, don’t talk like that. You’re the Messiah. Don’t talk about suffering and dying.” [My personal paraphrase.] (v. 32)
Jesus turns Peter’s rebuke back on Peter. He calls Peter Satan! I guess if he’s going to resist God the Father and Son’s mission, then he deserves the title. Jesus tells Peter that he’s thinking like a human, and not like a disciple. (v. 33)
Jesus goes on to explain how to think like disciple. (This is where we come in.) We need to be prepared to be like Jesus, willing to “take up our cross and follow him”. We need to be so committed to following him that we are willing to die for him. We need to be like the Suffering Servant of Isaiah. (vv. 34-38)
THE TAKEAWAY
This is not easy, but it is what we are called to do. It is called the cost of discipleship.
FOOD FOR THOUGHT
Are you ready and willing to take up your cross and follow Jesus, regardless of the cost?
Posted on September 10, 2024 1:02 PM
by
Don Silsbe